What is the phenomenon of ‘cloudbursts’? Explain. [150 Words] [10 Marks] [2024] !! Cloudburst meaning !! How cloudburst occurs ? !! What causes "Cloudburst" !! Cloudburst in India !! UPSC notes !! Geography PYQ mains !! Mains Pyq Solved !! Mains Answer Writing Practice

Index-

  1. Concept narration
  2. Answer is structuring
  3. Answer

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It is an established principle-

  1. If you need to study or look out what the climate is doing just first look out what the temperature is doing.
  2. Because the “triggered and operational force” of climate is temperature.
  3. So, when we discuss cloud bursting, the story starts with temperature.

Temperature -

  1. It depends upon heat, and 
  2. The process through which heat is generated determines its character, because 
  3. Measuring the heat, it is actually temperature.


👉NCERT-GEOGRAPHY-CLASS-06-LINK-PAGE 👀

UPSC has asked the question What is the phenomenon of 'CLOUDBURST"? Explain.

So, if I need to understand the question in the real sense, actually the question is “about explaining the processes” which lead to cloud burst.

So, 

  1. To have a cloud burst the nature needs some steps of preparation in a sequencing manner
  2. That means nature needs to maintain an order to ensure the cloudburst.

But, stop, are you sure it is nature only, and not the anthropogenic factors?

Let us look into the details through this diagram-

  

The vertically rising column of air is known as an air current.


👉 NCERT-GEOGRAPHY-CLASS-07-CHAPTER-04👀


We know that 

  1. The moment the temperature of the water body surface is 27° or above, the process of evaporation gets started, 
  2. Which simply means that in the presence of high temperature, the air pressure starts to decrease, because we know both maintain an inverse proportional relationship.

Now, here comes the importance of slope gradient, 

  1. whether the slope of a hill, 
  2. mountain, or 
  3. Elevated land provides a "creeping slope force" for a rising air column.

But -

  1. That twist again is twisted by temperature.
  2. The rapid temperature transformation from low to high causes the formation of a successive warm air column, 
  3. which forces the previous column to “shift high-rise”.
  4. This high rise does not allow the proper condensation process, which means in the formation of the Cumulus Nimbus cloud, we have a great amount of moisture “without a proper gone through process” of condensation.
  5. Rising air column means the temperature is getting down, 
  6. Resulting in an increase of pressure over the cloud column, leading the cloud column not to be able to bear the pressure, 
  7. So it opens the way to let the water flow up to the Earth's surface at a high speed and high intensity.

Intensity that high that within an hour in 01 an area of 01 square kilometre, the minimum water pouring is 10 crore litre which is known as known as cloud bursting.

 

ANSWER STRUCTURE-

  1. Introduction
  2. Diagram
  3. Body
  4. Conclusion, IN RESPECT OF GLOBAL WARMING ( Because UPSC asked this question in the context of increasing cloud bursting incidence).
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ANSWER

Cloud formation is subjected to condensation, which happens in the presence of a temperature gradient that causes a “rising air current column” due to pressure gradient from low to higher, assisted by slope gradient, in geographical relief.

  


In the context of the above diagram -

  1. now we can easily understand the rising water surface temperature minimum 27 degree or more cause formation of rising air current column, and, with the windward slope side keeping moving up warm on air column, and, with successive formation push to settle in the high rise where due to the condensation process the "Cumulus Nimbus" cloud formation is done.

With the successive height, the adiabatic lapse rate is applied and within this condensed cloud column, the squeezing pressure causes the cloud bursting, which means the water pours at a speed of at least 10 crore litres in 1 hour in a 01 square kilometre area.

The Paris agreement, broken down, Earth is getting hotter more than expected, increasing temperature means low pressure, so a high amount of air convection currents, rapid condensation and more cloud bursting incidents.

Thanks

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