NCERT-GEOGRAPHY-CLASS-07-CHAPTER-04

👉 First Study These chapters 👀

👉Chapter-01

👉Chapter-02

👉Chapter-03

What is Air?

A mixture of various gases, we find on the earth is air.

Composition of the atmosphere

👉 इजरायल फिलिस्तीन विवाद- कारण-भाग-2 👀

A huge mass of air as a blanket we find around the earth is known as the atmosphere.
In the composition of the atmosphere we have

01- nitrogen 78%,

02- oxygen 21%,

03- carbon dioxide 0.36 per cent and

04- rest of the gases including ozone hydrogen-helium Neon.

Gases we inhale?

The gases we inhale are,

a large amount of oxygen
a little bit of nitrogen.

The mechanism through which plants intake "Nitrogen"

Plants do not intake directly nitrogen but through bacteria which are found in the soil and roots of a plant.
This bacteria is a microorganism that transforms atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen which is the inorganic compound usable by plants.

What is air circulation?

👉 UPSC-GEOGRAPHY+EVS MAINS ANSWER WRITING 👀

In the atmosphere of a particular place, we have the heating and the cooling of air.
When the air gets heated up it becomes lighter and starts to expand and goes up.
On the other hand cold air which sinks down fills up the place vacated by rising hot air.
It is an ongoing process and that's how the heated air and cold air change their respective places simultaneously known as Air Circulation.

👉 अन्य विषय की अध्ययन सामग्री के लिए साइटमैप देखें 👀

The utility of carbon dioxide

The main task of carbon dioxide is to trap the heat radiated by the earth's surface.
The plant Kingdom uses carbon dioxide to make their food and as a by-product releases oxygen.
On the other hand, the Animal Kingdom and human beings inhale oxygen and release carbon dioxide as a by-product.
That's how a perfect balance is maintained in the earth's atmosphere.
Burning fossil fuels more than the proportional requirement results in the addition of more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
As a result, that atmosphere traps more terrestrial radiation causing the increment of average atmosphere temperature known as global warming.

इजरायल फिलिस्तीन विवाद- कारण-भाग-3

Which is a greenhouse gas

Carbon dioxide gas is a greenhouse gas.

layers of the Earth's Atmosphere

👉 For OTHER SUBJECTS study click on SITEMAP 👀

Ozone layer

We found the ozone layer in the second atmospheric layer of the earth which is the "stratosphere".
The main task of the ozone layer is to absorb ultraviolet radiation from the Sun.

Ionosphere

The ionized zone of the Earth's upper atmosphere, which we find in the thermosphere.

What is temperature

The measuring of the degree of the hotness or coldness of a given place is known as the temperature of that place.
Variation in the temperature is subjected to

01- latitudinal position,

02- degree of insulation,

03- location, and

04- relief feature.

👉NCERT-GEOGRAPHY 👀

Insolation

The incoming solar energy is the hotness from the Sun which is coming to the Earth's surface and is intercepted by the Earth known as insolation.

Decreasing pattern of insolation

The intensity of the insolation is highest at the equator and lowest at the poles.
This simply means starting from the equator when we move towards the pole the intensity, and, so the amount of insolation gradually decreases.
This happens only due to the shape of the earth.

Why the temperature of the city is higher (Heat Island) than a village

A city is a compact unit whereas a village is a much open unit.
The city has material in quantity, the material which is more prone to intercept solar insolation.
On the other hand in the village, this amount is less in quantity.

The atmosphere of the moon

On the moon, you don't have the atmosphere just because the moon is not having that required amount of gravitational pull we have on the earth.

Air pressure

The exerted pressure weight of air on a given unit place of the earth is known as air pressure.

Distribution of air pressure

As we move up in the atmosphere, in a proportional manner, the air pressure starts to reduce.
Air pressure is highest at the sea level/ sea surface.
The temperature of a given place -&- its latitude position are major factors that determine the air pressure of a given place.

👉Look at This ALSO👀

Low-pressure area

In the presence of high-temperature air becomes lighter and starts to lift up creating a low-pressure area.
The low-pressure area of a given place is characterized by cloudy weather and moist air.

Wind

01- the horizontal movement of air,

02- from a high-pressure zone towards a low-pressure zone,

03- in a particular direction known as wind.

Types of winds

01-Permanent winds - Equatorial winds are their example

02-seasonal winds - The south-West monsoon of India is the classic example

and

03-Local winds - Loo which blows during the May and June months is an example of local wind.

Land breeze and sea breeze

When the wind blows from the sea toward the land known as the sea breeze and the opposite of it is known as a land breeze.
The sea breeze blows during the daytime why does the land breeze blow during the nighttime.

👉NCERT-GEOGRAPHY-CLASS-06 👀

Moisture

Through the process of evaporation, the transformation of water into two vapours is known as moisture.

Humidity

At a given place and time the amount of moisture present in the air is known as humidity.
When the humidity is less than a hundred per cent we called as relative humidity

Humid day

On a humid day, the air is full of water vapour that's why cannot hold water vapour.
That's why we are sweating all day when it is a humid day.

Clouds?

The rising water vapour, simultaneously, starts to cool down
causing the process of condensation which transforms water vapour into water droplets.
The mass of that water droplet is known as a cloud.

Precipitation

A cloud has a relative capacity to hold water droplets.
When the cloud loses its holding capacity and the droplets start to come down the process is known as precipitation.

👉 Upcoming CHAPTERS 👀

👉Chapter-05

👉Chapter-06

👉Chapter-07

👉Chapter-08

👉Chapter-09

Rain