Relation between individual and state!! Relationship between citizens and state !! Individual state relationship !! Who is citizen of a state? !! Economic Social and Cultural rights examples !!
INDEX-
- What we mean by Citizen -& State
- An interrelated relationship between citizen and state.
- Who is Citizen- Its Rights -& Duties
- An interdependent relationship between citizen and state.
- Conclusion
When we study the component of the state under its political definition, the two basic starting components are "Land" and "the people".
- People refer to a group of individuals who are generally known as the citizens of a state.
- It means citizens are those holding an
entitlement of citizenship sponsored by the state.
The difference between an individual and a citizen lies in the fact that -
- In the world community, a citizen says, 'I belong to a particular state,'
- which we cannot claim in respect of any particular individual, as
different individuals can be citizens of different states.
- Simultaneously, in complement to the relationship,
- The state
also used to say that I have that particular number of population.
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For example,
- The Indian state says we have a population of 140 crore people.
- It means that the 140 crore people in the world communities belong to the Indian states, and
- Simultaneously, the Indian state claims to have a population of 140 crore individuals
- Because those individuals belong to
it, and the state has recognized them through a legal process, these are
its citizens.
Now, if you are a citizen of a particular state, that means you are entitled to certain -
- facilities/
- recognition and
- rights given by the
state to its citizens.
Takes an example from the preamble of India.
- The objective of the Indian Constitution is to provide JUSTICE, LIBERTY, EQUALITY, and FRATERNITY to its citizens.
- As citizens of India, we are entitled to all these objectives
to live a dignified life.
- Simultaneously, along with all these objectives dictated by the preamble,
- With the provision of the "FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS" and the provision of the "DPSP",
- The procedure has been established to ensure all entitlements by the
state, with FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS, and through state policy, with DPSP.
The primary objective -
- With respect to fundamental rights is to ensure justice against the state, with respect to the rights of citizens.
- Regarding DPSP, the constitution has directed to state that during the formulation of policy, you (the state) must adhere to certain principles, up to a maximum limit, to ensure that individual citizen rights are protected.
But,
- along with this, as a citizen of a citizen community,
- you need to remember also the "provision of the fundamental duties"
- where the obligation has
input over the citizens to fulfill and obey their respective duties towards the
state.
Who is CITIZEN?-
- Belongs to a particular state?
- State claims that is particular individual is my human resource (property).
- Entitled to enjoy Fundamental Rights in general, and exclusively the Fundamental Rights under articles 15, 16, 19, 29, and 30
- In addition, he enjoyed
- LEGAL RIGHTS (Property rights),
- SOCIAL RIGHTS (Right to celebrate festivals following his cultural practices)
- ECONOMIC RIGHTS ( Right to pay work, claim tax rebate through various policies, investments, and donations), and
- POLITICAL RIGHTS ( Right to vote).
- Who undertakes to obey the state instruction.
- Bound by his duty towards the state ( Ex- Article -51A- Fundamental Duties)
- In respect of Articles -09 and 10, the state has the power to terminate citizenship or to regulate provisions related to citizenship under Article 10.
- Those who constitutionally claim his/her protection from the state in general conditions mean that they need not any specific condition under the law to claim protection or other rights.
- Ex - the foreign nationals are treated under the "Immigration and Foreign Act 2025". It replaced the Foreigners Act 1946 -& other Acts.
"Based on above mention description, the individual for the
state or the state for the individual, these two concepts are meaningless."
Because developed understanding says both need one another to
sustain themselves.
As,-
- A land component for a state is indispensable,
- which, in addition, says that land must be defined with an international boundary,
- which means the separation of one state from another state, and
- Within the limits of this International boundary, every state must have its population of individuals.
- Can we imagine a state with land, but without the persons or individuals? Ex- Greenland, right now Greenland is under administrative control of Denmark, but Europeans are not the original inhabitants of Denmark, which is also now claimed by the US.
- It means the land area is there, but, because the original inhabitants are not over that land area, Greenland can be occupied by the other state, but cannot be claimed a the state of the original inhabitants in itself.
- In the second case, can a state claim to be a state just based on individuals, but does not have a demarcated land area?
- We can imagine with respect to Israel. Before 1948, all the Yahudi's were in scattered form in the world over, that means a particular population of individuals was there, but because din not have a demarcated, claimed land boundary area so Israel didn't come into existence.
- Or
- In the next example, we could have an example of the Dalai Lama, residing in exile in India, and his government, which is operating from India. Again, the population is there, but they do not have their demarcated land area to claim their state where this number of population can claim itself a "political community", and through the election voting process can choose their government to act as an instrument of power to run the regular affairs of state.
So,-
- Now, it is obvious that this relationship is interrelated and interdependent.
- If any of the one constituents becomes unfaithful, then the
existence of the second one will be in jeopardy.
Because in the presence of a definite population and
demarcated land area now the citizens converted themselves into a group of
"political community' to elect and establish their government.
Note-
The government is the third important component out of 4
of state composition, the government, also known as the executive agencies of
the state or the face of the state.
And the establishment and functioning of the "sovereign
government" completes the requirement to be called a perfect state.
Note-
Sovereignty is the most important (invisible) and the
last component of state composition. If the state is not sovereign, all three
first components become relevant from the existence point of view.
So now, -
- If we can conclude that the relationship between the citizen and the stay is interdependent from the existence point of view.
- Citizens, as a political community, time and again proved that we respect the existence of our state, the most prominent example is the period of National Emergency from 1975 to 77. Where we organized the large-scale demonstration and reaction towards it, so the government was compelled to end with emergency measures to a degree, and find a manner to fulfill its obligation to the state.
The present ongoing -
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana or
- Kisan Samman Nidhi or
- universal health program
- Sarv Shiksha Abhiyan and
- free meal scheme, others are all the state-sponsored measures
- to protect every aspect of life for its citizens,
- Along with this the the various micro finance
schemes and opportunity creation are the other initiatives sponsored by
the state to create and transform the population of citizens into a more
instrumental human resource.
With these observations, we can conclude that -
"The state and the
citizens are indispensable to each other with equal importance".
Thanks.
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